鉱山設備ガイド：What Equipment Should You Use for Drying Manufactured Sand, Mineral Powder and Coal Slime? A Complete Guide to Rotary Dryers and 3-Drum Dryers

The rotary drum dryer is mainly composed of a heat source, belt feeder, feeder, rotary drum, belt discharger, induced draft fan, discharger, and power distribution cabinet. The working principle of this equipment is as follows: First, the feeding area: the material enters this area and comes into contact with high-temperature hot air, quickly evaporating moisture. The material is lifted by the high-lift plates, preventing adhesion and being guided into the next working area. Second, the cleaning area: in this area, the material is lifted by the plates to form a curtain of material. As the material falls, it tends to stick to the drum wall. Due to the cleaning device designed in this area, it reasonably removes material adhered to the inner wall. During this process, the cleaning device also breaks up agglomerated clumps of material, increasing the heat exchange area and improving the drying rate. Third, the inclined lifting plate area: in this area, the material has a low moisture content and a loose state, with no adhesion. After heat exchange, the material reaches the required moisture content and enters the final discharge area. Fourth, the discharge area: no lifting plates are set up in the drum in this area, and the material rolls and slides to the discharge port, completing the entire drying process. The rotary drum dryer has the characteristics of simple structure, stable operation, good drying effect, low energy consumption, and strong adaptability. It is suitable for drying materials such as manufactured sand, mineral powder, coal slime, fly ash, gypsum, and chemical raw materials. Why choose the rotary drum dryer? First, simple structure: composed of a heat source, feeding machine, feeder, rotary drum, discharge machine, induced draft fan, discharger, and power distribution cabinet, easy to maintain. Second, zoned drying: the feeding area, cleaning area, inclined lifting plate area, and discharge area work together to improve the drying rate. Third, non-stick wall due to cleaning device: the cleaning area is equipped with a cleaning device that removes material adhering to the walls and breaks up agglomerates, increasing the heat exchange area. Fourth, strong adaptability: it can process a variety of granular and block materials, achieving a moisture content of 1-0.5% or lower after drying. Fifth, optional three-drum dryer upgrade scheme: using a sleeve structure, thermal efficiency can reach above 80%, floor space can be reduced by 50%, and energy consumption can be reduced by 60%. The rotary drum dryer is mainly used in manufacturing sand production lines, mineral powder drying, coal slime drying, fly ash treatment, gypsum drying, chemical raw material drying, building material raw material drying, foundry sand drying, and cement raw material drying. Groups that need rotary drum dryers include manufactured sand production enterprises, mining and mineral powder processing enterprises, coal slime and gangue processing enterprises, fly ash comprehensive utilization enterprises, gypsum and building materials processing enterprises, chemical raw material production enterprises, foundries, cement plant equipment procurement departments, drying production line EPC contractors, equipment distributors and inventory holders, and overseas mining and building materials project purchasers. Under what circumstances should a rotary drum dryer be selected or replaced? When materials such as manufactured sand, mineral powder, coal slime, fly ash, etc., need to be dried to the required moisture content; when old drying equipment has high energy consumption, poor drying performance, serious sticking, or high failure rates requiring upgrading; when a new drying production line needs to be equipped with efficient drying equipment; when strict requirements for floor space and energy consumption exist, a three-drum dryer can be considered; when export projects require dryers compatible with overseas voltage and continuous production conditions. How to choose a rotary drum dryer? Step 1: Confirm the type of material and initial moisture content, and select a rotary or three-drum dryer according to material characteristics; Step 2: Confirm the final moisture requirement—after drying with a rotary drum dryer, moisture content can reach below 1-0.5%; Step 3: Confirm processing capacity and select the corresponding model based on production line requirements; Step 4: Confirm the type of heat source—options include coal, oil, gas, etc.; Step 5: Confirm drum specifications and select a rotary dryer of φ0.6×8 to φ2.2×18 m, or a three-drum dryer of φ2×4.5 to φ4.2×8 m based on processing capacity and site space; Step 6: Confirm motor power—select 4-37 kW (rotary drum) or 5.5×2 to 22×4 kW (three-drum) based on drum specifications; Step 7: Confirm installation foundation, which should be solid concrete with anchor bolts fixed; Step 8: Confirm environmental protection and automation configuration, which can be equipped with dust removal systems, induced draft fans, and power distribution cabinets.

Rotary Drum Dryer Specifications and Performance Parameters Table

Model	Drum Diameter (mm)	Drum Length (m)	Slope	Rotational Speed (r/min)	Weight (t)	Power (kW)	Volume (m³)
φ0.6×8	600	8	3-5	8	5.1	6-level 4	2.26
φ0.8×10	800	10	3-5	7.2	6.9	6-level 4	5.02
φ1.0×10	1000	10	3-5	6.72	7.5	6-level 5.5	7.85
φ1.2×12	1200	12	3-5	5.8	13.1	6-level 11	13.31
φ1.5×15	1500	15	3-5	4.8	22.3	6-level 15	21.2
φ1.8×18	1800	18	3-5	3.2	52.6	6-level 30	33.22
φ2.2×18	2200	18	3-5	3	73.3	6-level 37	55.43

Triple-cylinder Dryer Specifications and Performance Parameters Table (Optional Upgrade Plans)

Specification Model	φ2×4.5m	φ2.2×5m	φ2.5×6m	φ2.7×6.5m	φ3.0×6.5m	φ3.2×7m	φ3.6×8m	φ4.2×8m
Outer Cylinder Diameter (m)	2	2.2	2.5	2.7	3.0	3.2	3.6	4.2
Outer Cylinder Length (m)	4.5	5	6	6.5	6.5	7	8	8
Cylinder Volume (m³)	14.13	18.99	29.43	37.19	45.92	56.27	81.39	110.78
Cylinder Rotation Speed (r/min)	4-10	4-10	4-10	4-10	4-10	4-10	4-10	4-10
Maximum Inlet Air Temperature (℃)	700-750	700-750	700-750	700-750	700-750	700-750	700-750	700-750
Production Capacity (t/h)	13-18	15-23	20-28	24-33	35-40	40-60	55-75	70-120
Motor Power (kW)	5.5×2	7.5×2	5.5×4	7.5×4	11×4	15×4	18.5×4	22×4

Main Features of Triple-cylinder Dryer (Compared with Rotary Dryer)

1. The triple-cylinder dryer structure uses a sleeve type, allowing materials to dry quickly.

2. The cylinder is designed for self-insulation, achieving over 80% thermal efficiency.

3. The product has delicate construction and operates smoothly.

4. Good drying effect, coal consumption per ton of dry material is less than 8 kg.

5. Fuel can be coal, oil, or gas, capable of drying lump and powdered materials under 20 mm.

6. Reduces floor space by about 50% compared with single-cylinder dryer, reduces civil engineering investment by about 50%, and lowers electricity consumption by about 60%.

7. The required final moisture content can be easily controlled according to user requirements.

8. Low outlet temperature, long service life of dust removal equipment.

9. No need for large and small gear transmission; uses support wheel rotation.

10. Discharge temperature below 60℃, allowing continuous production and packaging.

General Technical Parameters Table

Parameters	Rotary Dryer	Triple-cylinder Dryer
Type	Rotary Dryer (Rotating Drum Dryer)	Triple-cylinder Dryer (Sleeve Type)
Structural Composition	Heat source, belt feeder, feeder, rotating drum, belt conveyor, induced draft fan, discharger, power distribution cabinet	Sleeve-type rotating drum, heat source, feeder, discharger, induced draft fan, dust collector
Cylinder Specifications	φ0.6×8–φ2.2×18m	φ2×4.5–φ4.2×8m
Moisture content after drying	Can reach below 1–0.5%	Can reach below 1–0.5%
Thermal efficiency	—	≥80%
Fuel	Coal, oil, gas	Coal, oil, gas
Core advantages	Simple structure, zoned drying, anti-sticking wall cleaning, strong adaptability	High thermal efficiency, small footprint, low energy consumption, continuous production

Dimension drawing and key dimensions: `[Image: /images/rotary-dryer-dimension-drawing.webp]`

Material table

Component	Standard material	Optional material	Description
Rotary drum/cylinder	Carbon steel	Stainless steel, wear-resistant steel plate	Bear material and heat, needs high temperature resistance
Lifter/throwing plate	High manganese steel	Wear-resistant alloy, stainless steel	Core wear parts, highly wear- and heat-resistant
Cleaning device	High manganese steel/wear-resistant alloy	Stainless steel	Clean wall-adhered material, crush lumps and agglomerates
Roller ring/support wheel	40Cr/42CrMo forging	Alloy steel	Quenched and tempered, withstands huge torque
Bearing	Spherical roller bearing	Double-row cylindrical roller bearing	Withstand heavy load and thermal expansion
Heat source	Coal/oil/gas burner	Biomass, natural gas	Provide high-temperature hot air
Induced Draft Fan	Carbon Steel / FRP	Stainless steel	Ensure Airflow and Dust Removal Efficiency
Distribution Cabinet	Carbon Steel / Stainless Steel	Rainproof and Dustproof Type	Fully Automatic Control
Dust Collector	Carbon Steel + Filter Bag	Stainless Steel + Filter Cartridge	Environmental Dust Removal, Emissions Meet Standards

Installation Method: The rotary dryer and triple-drum dryer must be installed on a solid concrete foundation, which should bear the equipment's own weight and dynamic load during rotation; during installation, ensure the foundation's level meets requirements, and anchor bolts are tightened according to torque specifications; after positioning the equipment, adjust the level to ensure the rotary drum is coaxial with the drive unit; the drive unit and drum transmit power via gears or support wheels, and meshing gap or wheel contact precision must be adjusted to ensure smooth transmission; the heat source, belt feeder, input machine, belt discharger, induced draft fan, discharger, and distribution cabinet must be correctly connected according to the process sequence; hot air pipelines must be insulated to reduce heat loss; the induced draft fan and dust collector must be well-sealed to ensure dust removal effectiveness; after installation, conduct a no-load test run to check whether the drum rotation is smooth and whether there is abnormal vibration and noise; during the load test run, gradually increase the feeding amount, observe drying effects and motor current, ensuring it does not exceed rated current; a dust removal system must be equipped to reduce dust pollution; a central control system can be equipped to achieve online monitoring and automatic control.

Application Scenario Table

Industry	Application	Recommended Configuration	Key Requirements
Manufactured Sand	Manufactured sand drying, stone powder drying	Rotary Dryer φ1.5×15–φ2.2×18; Triple-drum Dryer φ3.0×6.5–φ4.2×8	Moisture content after drying ≤1–0.5%, high processing capacity
Mineral Powder	Mineral powder drying, iron concentrate drying	Rotary Dryer φ1.2×12–φ2.2×18; Triple-drum Dryer φ2.5×6–φ4.2×8	High temperature resistance, wear resistance, continuous operation
Coal slime	Coal slime drying, coal gangue drying	Rotary dryer φ1.8×18–φ2.2×18; Three-drum dryer φ3.2×7–φ4.2×8	Anti-stick wall, cleaning device, high thermal efficiency
Fly ash	Fly ash drying, comprehensive utilization	Rotary Dryer φ1.5×15–φ2.2×18; Triple-drum Dryer φ3.0×6.5–φ4.2×8	Environmental dust removal, compliant moisture content
Gypsum	Gypsum drying, building material raw material drying	Rotary dryer φ1.0×10–φ1.8×18; Three-drum dryer φ2.5×6–φ3.6×8	Controllable temperature, uniform drying
Chemical industry	Chemical raw material drying	Rotary dryer φ0.8×10–φ1.5×15; Three-drum dryer φ2×4.5–φ3.2×7	Pollution-resistant, corrosion-resistant
Casting	Casting sand drying	Rotary dryer φ1.0×10–φ1.8×18; Three-drum dryer φ2.5×6–φ3.6×8	Good drying effect, low energy consumption
Cement	Cement raw material drying	Rotary Dryer φ1.5×15–φ2.2×18; Triple-drum Dryer φ3.0×6.5–φ4.2×8	Large processing capacity, stable operation

Note: The rotary drum dryer is suitable for drying materials such as manufactured sand, mineral powder, coal slime, fly ash, gypsum, and chemical raw materials. After drying, the moisture content can be reduced to below 1-0.5%. The three-drum dryer uses a sleeve structure, with a thermal efficiency of over 80%, reducing the occupied area by 50% and lowering energy consumption by 60%, making it suitable for projects with strict requirements on space and energy consumption. The fuel can be coal, oil, or gas, and it can dry block and powdered materials smaller than 20mm. In explosive environments, explosion-proof motors must be selected. For highly abrasive materials, it is recommended to use high manganese steel or wear-resistant alloy liners and cleaning devices.

Selection Considerations (Comparison between Rotary Drum Dryer and Three-Drum Dryer): The core differences between a rotary drum dryer and a three-drum dryer lie instructure, thermal efficiency, and occupied space.The rotary drum dryer has a single-drum structure, consisting of a heat source, belt feeder, feed machine, rotary drum, belt discharger, induced draft fan, discharger, and electrical cabinet. It features zoned drying, wall-cleaning devices to prevent sticking, strong adaptability, and is suitable for medium- to small-scale drying operations. The three-drum dryer uses a sleeve structure, with self-insulating drums, thermal efficiency exceeding 80%, approximately 50% less occupied space than a single-drum dryer, roughly 50% lower civil construction investment, about 60% lower power consumption, and after drying, material moisture content can reach below 1-0.5%. It is suitable for large-scale, continuous projects with strict requirements for space and energy consumption. When selecting, for medium- and small-scale operations with varied materials, the rotary drum dryer is preferred; for large-scale, continuous production requiring high thermal efficiency and low energy consumption, the three-drum dryer is preferred.

## Technical FAQ

1. What is a rotary drum dryer?

The rotary drum dryer mainly consists of a heat source, belt feeder, feed machine, rotary drum, belt discharger, induced draft fan, discharger, and electrical cabinet. It is suitable for drying manufactured sand, mineral powder, coal slime, fly ash, gypsum, and other materials.

2. What is the working principle of a rotary drum dryer?

The rotary drum dryer has four working zones: the feeding zone, where materials come into contact with high-temperature hot air and moisture rapidly evaporates; the cleaning zone, where cleaning devices remove materials sticking to the inner wall and break up lumps; the inclined lifting plate zone, where low-moisture, loose materials exchange heat to reach the required moisture content; and the discharge zone, where the drum has no lifters, and materials roll and slide to the discharge port, completing the drying process.

3. What materials are suitable for a rotary drum dryer?

Suitable for granular and block materials such as manufactured sand, mineral powder, coal slime, fly ash, gypsum, chemical raw materials, foundry sand, and cement raw materials.

4. What is the moisture content after drying in the rotary drum dryer?

The moisture content of the material after drying can reach below 1-0.5%, depending on the initial moisture of the material, the temperature of the heat source, and the drying time.

5. What fuels can be used for the rotary drum dryer?

Fuels can include coal, oil, or gas, and biomass or natural gas can also be selected according to user requirements.

6. What models of rotary drum dryers are available?

Models of rotary drum dryers include φ0.6×8, φ0.8×10, φ1.0×10, φ1.2×12, φ1.5×15, φ1.8×18, and φ2.2×18.

7. What is the motor power of the rotary drum dryer?

Motor power ranges from 4-37 kW, depending on the drum specifications. φ0.6×8 has 6-grade 4 kW, and φ2.2×18 has 6-grade 37 kW.

8. What is the weight of the rotary drum dryer?

Weight ranges from 5.1-73.3 tons, depending on the drum specifications.

9. What is a three-drum dryer?

The three-drum dryer uses a sleeve-type structure, mainly used for drying granular materials within a certain temperature range, such as dry mortar, foundry sand, fine-grained clay, chemical granules, etc. The moisture content of the material after drying can reach below 1-0.5%.

10. What is the thermal efficiency of the three-drum dryer?

The drum is designed with self-insulation, achieving a thermal efficiency of over 80%.

11. What models of three-drum dryers are available?

Models of three-drum dryers include φ2×4.5m, φ2.2×5m, φ2.5×6m, φ2.7×6.5m, φ3.0×6.5m, φ3.2×7m, φ3.6×8m, and φ4.2×8m.

12. What is the production capacity of the three-drum dryer?

Production capacity ranges from 13-120 t/h, depending on the model. φ2×4.5m is 13-18 t/h, and φ4.2×8m is 70-120 t/h.

13. What is the motor power of the three-drum dryer?

The motor power ranges from 5.5×2 to 22×4 kW, varying according to the model.

14. What is the difference between a three-drum dryer and a rotary drum dryer?

The rotary drum dryer has a single-drum structure, zoned drying, and a cleaning device to prevent sticking, with strong adaptability; the three-drum dryer uses a sleeve-type structure, with a thermal efficiency of over 80%, occupying 50% less floor space, reducing energy consumption by 60%, and is suitable for large-scale continuous production.

15. Does the dryer require a foundation?

Yes. It needs to be installed on a solid concrete foundation, which must support the equipment’s own weight and dynamic load during rotation, fixed with anchor bolts.

16. What are the common faults of the dryer?

Drum sticking (material too wet or cleaning device failure), bearing overheating (poor lubrication or overload), gear or support wheel wear (poor transmission), abnormal vibration (drum imbalance or loose anchor bolts), poor drying performance (insufficient heat source temperature or uneven feeding).

17. What are the wear parts of the dryer?

Lifting plates, spraying plates, cleaning devices, drum rings, supporting wheels, bearings, etc., among which lifting plates and cleaning devices are core wear parts, and it is recommended to use high-manganese steel or wear-resistant alloy materials.

18. Can the dryer be customized?

Yes, the drum specifications, heat source type (coal/oil/gas), motor power, lifting plate material (high-manganese steel/stainless steel/wear-resistant alloy), dust removal system, induced draft fan, electrical cabinet, and central control system can all be customized.

19. Does the dryer comply with RoHS and REACH?

Standard equipment complies with RoHS and REACH regulations and does not contain SVHC high-concern substances. Refer to the product test report for specifics.

20. How is the dryer maintained?

Regularly check the wear of lifting plates, spraying plates, and cleaning devices, and replace or adjust them promptly; regularly check bearing lubrication, and add or replace grease; regularly check the wear of gears or support wheels; regularly check whether anchor bolts and connection bolts are loose; regularly clean accumulated material and foreign objects inside the drum; regularly check the operation status of the heat source, induced draft fan, and dust collector.

Technical FAQ

What should be included in a mill or dryer RFQ?

Include feed size, moisture, throughput, final size, heat source or power supply, operating hours and dust-control requirements.

How are wear and energy costs controlled?

Use the correct feed size and operating range, monitor liners or hammers and keep airflow, lubrication and loading stable.

Authoritative references

For standards and safety context, see ISO standards and the U.S. Mine Safety and Health Administration. Confirm the exact local requirements for your project.

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